Tag: anatomy
- Physiology of Respiration ()
Pulmonary ventilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs Ventilation is defined as the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Patient with adequate ventilation are moving normal or near normal volumes of air into and out of the lungs. The pulmonary capillary beds are where oxygen is […]
- More Anatomy of Respiratory System ()
When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs are displaced outwardly (inhalation). The lungs are attached to the ribs and are stretched in all directions. The stretching of the lungs creates a vacuum (the air pressure inside the lungs becomes less than atmospheric air) and the air from outside the body is drawn into the lungs. […]
- Anatomy of The Lower Airway ()
The lower respiratory tract or lower airway consists of the trachea, bronchi (primary, secondary and tertiary), bronchioles (including terminal and respiratory), and lungs (including alveoli). It also sometimes includes the larynx. The lower respiratory tract is also called the respiratory tree or tracheobronchial tree, to describe the branching structure of airways supplying air to the […]
- Anatomy of Upper Airway ()
The pharynx is the mucous membrane-lined portion of the airway between the base of the skull and the esophagus and is subdivided as follows: Nasopharynx, also known as the rhino-pharynx, post-nasal space, is the muscular tube from the nares, including the posterior nasal cavity, divided from the oropharynx by the palate and lining the skull base […]
- Arterial Blood Gas Determination ()
Like spirometry, EMS generally does not perform ABG collection or analysis. The following information is more hypothetical and intended to demonstrate the connection between a patient and a disorder. Blood gas analysis is a commonly used diagnostic tool to evaluate the partial pressures of gas in blood as well as acid-base content. Understanding and use […]
- Respiration and Acid Base Balance ()
Proper physiological functioning depends on a very tight balance between the concentrations of acids and bases in the blood. Acid-balance balance is measured using the pH scale, as shown below. A variety of buffering systems permits blood and other bodily fluids to maintain a narrow pH range, even in the face of perturbations. A buffer […]
- Chemical and Neurological Control of Involuntary Respiration ()
Involuntary respiration is any form of respiratory control that is not under direct, conscious control. Breathing is required to sustain life, so involuntary respiration allows it to happen when voluntary respiration is not possible, such as during sleep. Involuntary respiration also has metabolic functions that work even when a person is conscious. The Respiratory Centers […]
- The Dead Space Gets Filled Up Before Any Air Gets Into The Lungs ()
Dead space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of dead space are anatomical dead space and physiologic dead space. Anatomical dead space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This […]
- Respiratory Volumes & Capacities ()
Spirometry is the most common type of pulmonary function or breathing test. Spirometry is used to determine a given patient’s lung volumes and capacities as the test measures how much air one can breathe in and out of their lungs. Ambulances do not carry such devices. Discussing lung capacities for EMS personnel is complete hypothetical. […]
- It Takes Negative Pressure To Inhale ()
Inspiration (or inhalation) and expiration (or exhalation) are dependent on the differences in pressure between the atmosphere and the lungs. In a gas, pressure is a force created by the movement of gas molecules that are confined. For example, a certain number of gas molecules in a two-liter container has more room than the same […]